Atwater, P. M. H. (1992). Is there a hell? Surprising observations about the near-death experience. Journal of Near-Death Studies, 10(3) 149-160.

Abstract: The percentage of hell-like near-death experiences (NDEs) is probably much larger than has been previously claimed. In this article, I discuss current research into what are now termed “distressing” or “unpleasant” NDEs, and my own findings from interviews of over a hundred such cases. I compare this information with earlier reports from Maurice Rawlings (1978, 1980), mythological traditions about the concept of hell, and renderings from The Tibetan Book of the Dead (Evans-Wentz, 1957). Finally, I detail four types of NDEs—initial, hell-like, heaven-like, and transcendental—and what seems to be an attitudinal profile characteristic of each type.

Copyright: © 2008 International Association for Near-Death Studies

Link: http://www.iands.org

Topics:
Accounts of NDEs—Autobiographical
Accounts of NDEs—Biographical, Cases
Aftereffects of NDEs—Orientation to Death
Aftereffects of NDEs—Orientation to Life
Aftereffects of NDEs—Sense of Self, Psychological and Physical
Aftereffects of NDEs NOS
Afterlife, NDErs’ Descriptions of
Altered States and NDEs
Birth Trauma and NDEs
Characteristics of NDErs—Age, Children and Adolescents
Characteristics of NDEs—Emotions, Distressing
Characteristics of NDEs—Emotions, Pleasurable
Characteristics of NDEs—Encountering Beings NOS
Characteristics of NDEs—Light, Mystical
Characteristics of NDEs—Otherworldly Environments
Characteristics of NDEs—Sensory, Kinesthetic
Characteristics of NDEs—Sensory, Sound, Hearing
Characteristics of NDEs—Tunnel Experiences
Characteristics of NDEs NOS
Circumstances of NDEs—Hospital
Circumstances of NDEs—Illness
Disclosure of NDEs
Evolution and NDEs
Explanations of NDEs—Psychological
Interpretations of NDEs
Media Treatment of NDEs
Mental Processes and NDEs
Religion and NDEs—Christianity

Bache, C. M. (1996). Expanding Grof's concept of the perinatal: Deepening the inquiry into frightening near-death experiences. Journal of Near-Death Studies, 15(2) 115-139.

Abstract: This study suggests that in order to explain the phenomenology of perinatal experience, as described in the work of Stanislav Grof, we must hypothesize that the patient in these instances has expanded beyond the individual subject. Rupert Sheldrake’s concept of morphic fields is incorporated to suggest that the patient in these sessions might best be conceptualized as the species itself, or the morphic field of the species mind. Possible explanations for Grof’s tilt toward personal psychology in his presentation of perinatal dynamics are explored. The implications of this expansion of perinatal theory for understanding frightening near-death experiences are summarized.

Copyright: © 2008 International Association for Near-Death Studies

Link: http://www.iands.org

Topics:
Altered States and NDEs
Birth Trauma and NDEs
Characteristics of NDEs—Emotions, Distressing
Characteristics of NDEs NOS
Circumstances of NDEs—Induced Chemically
Counseling NDErs
Explanations of NDEs—Psychological
Mental Processes and NDEs
Related Experiences—NDE-Like
Theories, NDE-Related, Psychological—Grof

Roedding, J. (1991). Birth trauma and suicide: A study of the relationship between near-death experiences at birth and later suicidal behavior. Pre- and Peri-Natal Psychology Journal, 6(2) 145-169.

Abstract: The relationship between birth trauma and suicide is discussed. A critique of psychoanalytic theory is presented. A number of studies linking suicide to birth trauma are surveyed. A synthetic theory of this relationship is described and the positive role of therapy in resolving birth trauma-related conflict is explored.

Copyright: © 1991. Reprinted with permission of the Pre- and Peri-Natal Psychology Journal.

Link: http://www.birthpsychology.com/journal/

Topics:
Birth Trauma and NDEs
Characteristics of NDErs—Psychological Profile
Circumstances of NDEs—Suicide
Explanations of NDEs—Psychological

Blackmore, S. (1991). Near-death experiences: In or out of the body? Skeptical Inquirer, 16() 34-45.

Abstract:

Copyright:

Link:

Topics:
Aftereffects of NDEs—Sense of Self, Psychological and Physical
Altered States and NDEs
Birth Trauma and NDEs
Characteristics of NDEs—Autoscopy, Out-of-Body
Characteristics of NDEs—Life Review
Characteristics of NDEs—Otherworldly Environments
Characteristics of NDEs—Tunnel Experiences
Explanations of NDEs—Physiological, Anoxia
Explanations of NDEs—Physiological, Neurological, Brain
Explanations of NDEs—Physiological NOS
Explanations of NDEs—Psychological
Explanations of NDEs NOS
Historical Perspectives on NDEs
Mental Processes and NDEs
Nearing Death and NDEs—Deathbed Visions
Sensory Deprivation and NDEs

Blackmore, S. (1985). Review of 'The near-death experience: Problems, prospects, perspectives. Journal of Parapsychology, 49(3) 265-270.

Abstract: No abstract.

Copyright:

Link:

Topics:
Aftereffects of NDEs NOS
Birth Trauma and NDEs
Circumstances of NDEs—Suicide
Definition of NDEs
Explanations of NDEs NOS
Explanations of NDEs—Physiological, Neurological, Brain
Explanations of NDEs—Physiological NOS
Explanations of NDEs—Psychological

Greyson, B. (1983). The psychodynamics of near-death experiences. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 171(6) 376-381.

Abstract: No abstract.

Copyright:

Link: http://www.jonmd.com/

Topics:
Aftereffects of NDEs—Orientation to Death
Aftereffects of NDEs—Orientation to Life
Altered States and NDEs
Birth Trauma and NDEs
Characteristics of NDEs—Autoscopy, Out-of-Body
Characteristics of NDEs—Emotions, Pleasurable
Characteristics of NDEs—Encountering Beings, Deceased or Living
Characteristics of NDEs—Encountering Beings NOS
Characteristics of NDEs—Life Review
Characteristics of NDEs—Light, Mystical
Characteristics of NDEs—Tunnel Experiences
Counseling NDErs
Cross-Cultural NDEs
Explanations of NDEs—Psychological
Healing and NDEs—Psychological
Psychopathology and NDEs—Depersonalization
Psychopathology and NDEs—Hallucinations

Jansen, K. L. R. (2000). A review of the nonmedical use of ketamine: Use, users and consequences. Journal of Psychoactive Drugs, 32(4) 419-433.

Abstract: Ketamine is a dissociative anesthetic with an accepted place in human medicine. Ketamine also has psychedelic properties, and there has been a recent increase in nonmedical use linked with the growth of the 'dance culture.' This has attracted little comment in the formal literature but has been the subject of many reports in the media. Myths and misunderstandings are common. The psychedelic properties of ketamine have also led to its use as an adjunct to psychotherapy. This review is intended as a resource for the wide range of persons now requesting accurate information about the nonmedical use of ketamine. It accepts the current necessity of sometimes referring to anecdotal reports while seeking to encourage an increase in formal research. The review includes the history of ketamine, its growing role as a 'dance drug,' the sought-after effects (including the near-death experience) for which it is taken in a nonmedical context, how these are produced, common mental and physical adverse effects, and the ketamine model of schizophrenia.

Copyright: © 2000. Reprinted with permission of Haight Ashbury Publications.

Link: http://www.drdave.org/journal/index.htm

Topics:
Altered States and NDEs
Birth Trauma and NDEs
Explanations of NDEs—Physiological, Anoxia
Explanations of NDEs—Physiological, Neurological, Brain
Psychopharmacology and NDEs—Anesthesia
Psychopharmacology and NDEs NOS
Related Experiences—NDE-Like
Sensory Deprivation and NDEs

Leighton, S. M. (1991). God and the God-image: An extended reflection. Journal of Near-Death Studies, 9(4) 233-246.

Abstract: This paper examines the parallels between my anesthetic-related near-death experience and Rudolph Otto’s description of numinous states. I discuss Otto’s arguments about such perceptions and their implications, and explore internal numinous processes such as they might be seen through Carl Jung’s psychology.

Copyright: © 2008 International Association for Near-Death Studies

Link: http://www.iands.org

Topics:
Accounts of NDEs—Autobiographical
Birth Trauma and NDEs
Characteristics of NDEs—Emotions, Pleasurable
Characteristics of NDEs—Encountering Beings, Spiritual
Characteristics of NDEs—Light, Mystical
Characteristics of NDEs—Parapsychological Phenomena NOS
Circumstances of NDEs—Induced Chemically
Circumstances of NDEs—Hospital
Circumstances of NDEs—Stress
Dreams and NDEs
Healing and NDEs—Psychological
Psychopharmacology and NDEs—Anesthesia
Religion and NDEs—Christianity
Religion and NDEs—Mysticism
Spirituality and NDEs
Theories, NDE-Related, Psychological—Jung

Serdahely, W. J., & Walker, B. A. (1990). A near-death experience at birth. Death Studies, 14() 177-183.

Abstract: The near-death experience literature includes many accounts of adults who have had near-death experiences as adults or when they were children. The literature also reveals a few accounts of children reporting on their childhood near-death experiences. But the literature does not contain a single case of a near-death experience happening at birth, until the reporting of this case. Not only is this case interesting because it is a birth near-death experience, recalled through the medium of dreams, but because the respondent was born in the Philippines, adding cross-cultural validation to the phenomenon of the near-death experience. This is something the literature has called for in the past. Additionally, unlike the vast majority of near-death experiences, this one had a negative affective quality to it, which is discussed in detail through the use of Grey's typology of negative near-death experiences.

Copyright: © 1990. Reprinted with permission of Taylor & Francis, Ltd.

Link: http://www.informaworld.com

Topics:
Accounts of NDEs—Autobiographical
Accounts of NDEs—Biographical, Cases
Aftereffects of NDEs—Orientation to Life
Aftereffects of NDEs—Paranormal Phenomena
Aftereffects of NDEs—Sense of Self, Psychological and Physical
Birth Trauma and NDEs
Characteristics of NDErs—Age, Children and Adolescents
Characteristics of NDErs—Gender
Characteristics of NDEs—Emotions, Distressing
Characteristics of NDEs—Encountering Beings, Spiritual
Characteristics of NDEs—Light, Mystical
Characteristics of NDEs—Return, Voluntary
Characteristics of NDEs—Tunnel Experiences
Characteristics of NDEs NOS
Circumstances of NDEs—Illness
Cross-Cultural NDEs
Dreams and NDEs
Healing and NDEs—Psychological
Interpretations of NDEs
Language and NDEs
Psychopharmacology and NDEs—Anesthesia
Psychopharmacology and NDEs NOS
Related Experiences NOS